New Horizon

       New Horizon is an interplanetary space probe that was launched as part of  NASA's New Frontiers program. New Horizon is many years of work on the mission to send spacecraft to Pluto. After three years of constructions and several delays at the launch site, New Horizon was launched on January 19,2006 with an earth-relative speed of about 16-26 kilometres per second. It set the record for highest launch speed of a human made object from earth.

     After brief encounter with asteroids, New Horizon proceeded to Jupiter. Its closest approach was on February 28,2007 at distance of 2.3 million kilometres. This encounter was used as general test of New Horizon's scientific capabilities.

 

On January 15,2015 the New Horizon spacecraft began its approach phase to Pluto. On July 14,2015 it flew 12,500 kilometres above the surface of pluto. Thus, making New Horizon the first spacecraft to explore the dwarf planet.

Pluto

 

Pluto was discovered in 1930 and was known as smallest planet in the solar system. But today, it is called 'dwarf planet' (which orbits the sun just like other planets,but it is smaller). It was declared a dwarf planet by International Astronomical Union(IAU) because it didn't satisfy the three criteria that it defines full sized planet. Pluto satisfies all the criteria except that it has not cleared its neighbouring region of other objects.

This is the newly discovered mountain range lies near the southwestern margin of Pluto's Tombaugh Region, situated between bright icy plains and dark heavily cratered terrain. This picture was acquired by New Horizon on July 14,2015 from a distance of 48000 miles. 

   It has five moons,namely Charon, Nix, Hydra, Styx, Kerberos . Charon is the largest of five. Charon is also called Pluto-I. It  is very large moon compare to its parent body,Pluto. New Horizon flew through Pluto Charon system on July 14,2015,approaching it within 27,000 kilometre. Charon's diameter                 

             

Nix and Hydra were viewed by New Horizon

Uterus

Uterus is a female reproductive organ. It is a hollow thick muscular organ which is connected to two fallopian tubes and cervix via vagina. The upper portion of uterus is called fundus and the lower portion is connected to cervix via vagina . Uterus has three linings: Endometrium , Myometrium , Perimetrium. The endometrium is the inner layer of uterus while myometrium is the muscular middle layer and perimetrium forms the outer layer. The uterus nourishes the fetus prior to birth. The fundus is portion where fertilized egg grows into baby.

The ovary releases the egg via fallopian tube to the uterus.If fertilised, the egg attaches to the wall of uterus and fetus will develope. Until birth, the uterus nourishes and protect the fetus.

        

The uterus is between rectum(anus) and bladder.The serosa layer allows uterus to move into pelvic and abdorminal without getting damaged.

 The normal size of uterus is 7.6 cm lengthwise , 4.5 cm broad and 3.0 cm thick. A non-pregnant uterus weighs about 60 gms. Before puberty ,the uterus size is of 3.5 cm lengthwise(1 cm thickness).

 There are five kinds of abnormal uterus:

• Uterus didelphys
• Unicornuate uterus
• Bicornuate uterus
• Septate uterus
• Arcuate uterus

Removing uterus from our body is termed as hysterectomy.Usually it is not preferred mostly because removal of uterus leads to several problems.It is suggested in rare cases only.